TRANSFORMATIONS 4

For questions 31 – 40, complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence, using the word given. Do not change the word given. You must use between two and five words, including the word given. There is an example at the beginning (0).

Example:

0 They published this book in England.CAME

This book …..came from…. England.

31.- Can you understand what this paper means?SENSE

Can you ……………………………  this paper?

32.- It wasn’t necessary to meet me at the airport yesterday.NEEDN’T

You ……………………… me at the airport yesterday.

33.-It was unkind of you to talk to her like that.NOT

You ……………………………… to her like that.

34.-I saw the film although I strongly dislike thrillers. SPITE

I saw the film in …………………… of thrillers.

35.-It’s not possible to play tennis because of the rain.MAKES

The rain ……………………………….  to play tennis.

36.-I’ve never tasted such good food before.EVER

It is the ………………….. tasted.

37.-Do your parents allow you to watch TV late at night?LET

Do your parents ……………………. TV late at night?

38.-”Did you write a note for Anna?” I asked my mother.SHE

I asked my mother ………………………. a note for Anna.

39.-He gave me the money first, and then he left.AFTER

He left …………………………………….. the money.

40.-I don’t find it difficult to get up early any more.USED

I ………………………………………. up early.

KEY

31.- …make sense of…… this paper?

32.- ……needn’t have met… me at the airport yesterday.

33.- …should not have talked… to her like that.

34.-…spite of my strong dislike… of thrillers.

35.- ……makes it impossible…. to play tennis.

36.-…best food I’ve ever.. tasted.

37.- …let you watch…. TV late at night?

38.- …whether/if she had written…. a note for Anna.

39.-……after he had given me/after giving me….. the money.

40.- ……am used to getting…. up early

TRANSFORMATIONS 3

 Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first using between two and five words including the word given.

1. I hate it when people interrupt me when I’m working. STAND

I _________________________________________ me when I’m working.

2. It worries me that I’ll arrive late for the rehearsal. TIME

I’m worried about not __________________________________ for the rehearsal.

3. At school I found it impossible to remember mathematical formulae. GOOD

At school I was _________________________________ mathematical formulae.

4. I’ve told John I’ll meet him outside the pub. ARRANGED

I ___________________________________________ outside the pub.

5. They didn’t have enough money to go on holiday last year. AFFORD

They _________________________________________ on holiday last year.

6. My nephew lost his job six months ago. UNEMPLOYED

My nephew ______________________________________ six months.

7. Having peeled the carrots, he added them to the stew. WHEN

He added the carrots to the stew _______________________________ them.

8. I last saw Sonia a week ago. SINCE

I have __________________________________ week.

9. After locking the door of her office, she left. UNTIL

She didn’t _________________________________________ the door of her office.

10. I haven’t enjoyed myself so much for a long time. AGES

It _____________________________________________ enjoyed myself so much.

11. She felt excited and nervous when she arrived at the station. ARRIVAL

Apart from _____________________________________ at the station, she also felt nervous.

12. It wasn’t difficult to book the tickets online, which surprised me. SURPRISINGLY

It was ___________________________________ book the tickets online.

13. I was really looking forward to getting back to school. WAIT

I _____________________________________________ back to school.

14. Joanne recovered from her grief eventually. TOOK

It __________________________________________ to recover from her grief.

15. I was tired but otherwise none the worse for the experience. FEELING

Apart _______________________________________ , I was none the worse for the experience.

16. News International bought Myspace in 2003. TAKEN

In 2007, Myspace _________________________________ News International.

KEY

 1. can’t stand people interrupting

2. arriving on time

3. no good at remembering

4. have arranged to meet John

5. couldn’t afford to go

6. has been unemployed for

7. when he had peeled

8. not seen Sonia since last

9. leave until she had locked

10. is ages since I (have)

11. feeling excited on (her) arrival

12. surprisingly easy to

13. couldn’t wait to get

14. took Joanne some / a long time

15. from feeling tired

16. was taken over by

TRANSFORMATIONS 2

Complete the second sentence so it has a similar meaning to the first using between two and five words including the word given.

14. Swimming in that lake is dangerous. SAFE

It ____________________________________ in that lake.

15. Although he’s ninety, he still lives on his own. DESPITE

He still lives on his own ________________________________ ninety.

16. I can’t understand why he is so fascinated by celebrities . FASCINATION

I can’t understand ______________________________ celebrities.

17. They have spent a lot of time and effort on renovating their premises. DEAL

A ___________________________________ time and effort has been spent on renovating their premises.

18. Lorries are banned from the city centre. BAN

There is ___________________________________ in the city centre.

19. Everyone contributes to global warming. CONTRIBUTION

Everyone ______________________________________ global warming.

20. I have no sympathy for people who complain about tax rises. SYMPATHISE

I ________________________________________ people who complain about tax rises.

21. Some people don’t seem able to change their behavior. INCAPABLE

Some people seem to _________________________________ their behavior.

22. Switching off your computer at night can save you 20% on your energy bill. RESULT

Switching off your television at night can ____________________________________ 20% on your energy bill.

23. The environment can be negatively affected by factory farming. EFFECT

Factory farming can _________________________________ the environment.

24. People are angry about plans to build a new incinerator. ANGER

There ________________________________ plans to build a new incinerator.

25. If I’m not doing something useful, I feel I’m wasting my time. UNLESS

I feel I’m wasting my time ______________________________ something useful.

26. You will be instructed on how to use the program. GIVEN

You ______________________________________ on how to use the program.

27. We’re arranged for our dishwasher to be repaired next week. HAVING

We _______________________________________ next week.

28. Tourists in Japan come from many different countries. OVER

Tourists in Japan come from _________________________ world.

KEY

 14. isn’t safe to swim

15. despite being

16. his fascination with

17. good / great deal of

18. a ban on lorries

19. makes a contribution to

20. don’t sympathise with

21. be incapable of changing

22. result in a saving of / result in (you/your) saving

23. have a negative effect on

24. is (public) anger over / abo

TRANSFORMATIONS 1

Complete the second sentence so it has a similar meaning to the first using between two and five words including the word given.

1. They arrested Rooney because he had vandalized a telephone box. VANDALISING

Rooney ________________________________________ a telephone box.

2. Luka said he was successful because of his ambition. OWED

Luka said ______________________________________ his ambition.

3. I’m almost sure Steve heard what I said. HAVE

Steve __________________________________ what I said.

4. Maybe Ted didn’t want to see the film. NOT

Ted ___________________________ to see the film.

5. Elderly people need to keep busy. THE

It’s important ________________________ busy.

6. The concert was very popular so they’re going to put it on again. SUCH

It _________________________________ that they’re going to put it on again.

7. I didn’t answer the doorbell because I didn’t know it was you. HAD

If I _____________________________________ I would have answered the doorbell.

8. Sam regrets losing his temper with his girlfriend. WISHES

Sam ________________________________ his temper with his girlfriend.

9. You are interrupting me! It gets on my nerves! WISH

I _______________________________ me! It gets on my nerves!

10. I really think we should leave now or we’ll be late. WE

It’s time _______________________ or we’ll be late.

11. I’d prefer you not to tell Jack about this. RATHER

I’d ____________________________________ Jack about this.

12. I haven’t got enough money to go on holiday this year, unfortunately. AFFORD

I wish _______________________________ on holiday this year.

13. I regret telling Joe about the argument. ONLY

If ______________________________________ Joe about the argument.

KEY

1. was arrested for vandalizing

2. he owed his success to

3. must have heard

4. may not / might not have wanted

5. for the elderly to keep / that the elderly keep

6. was such a popular concert

7. had known it was you

8 wishes he hadn’t lost

9. wish you wouldn’t interrupt / keep interrupting

10. we left

11. rather you didn’t tell

12. I could afford to go

13. only I hadn’t told

TRANSFORMATIONS: MODAL VERBS

1, We have bought more food than was necessary for the party. NEED

We __________________________ so much food for the party.

2, Perhaps they rented the flat.  MAY

They ___________________________ the flat.

3, I don’t think the Rogers have been living here long.  BEEN

The Rogers _____________________________ here long.

4, It’s prohibited to take dogs into the restaurant.  NOT

You ____________________________ into the restaurant.

5, It wasn’t necessary for Jim to accept the offer.  HAVE

Jim __________________________________ the offer.

6, It isn’t necessary to dust the furniture. I’ll do it later.  NEED

You _________________________ the furniture. I’ll do it later.

7, Perhaps they had left before you called.  HAVE

They ___________________________ before you called.

8. I’m sure Alan wasn’t driving carelessly.  BEEN

Alan ________________________________ carelessly.

9, I’m sure she is considering your offer.  BE

She ________________________________ your offer.

10, It isn’t necessary to cut the grass. It’s still quite short.  HAVE

You _______________________ the grass. It’s quite short

11, Why don’t you go to Canada for a holiday?  COULD

You _____________________________ for a holiday.

12, Shall I get you a cup of tea?  ME

Would ________________________ you a cup of tea?

13, Sue will p[probably go to see her aunt.  IS

Sue ________________________________ to see her aunt.

14, It would be a good idea to change your hairstyle. BETTER

You _______________________________ your hairstyle.

 15, Why didn’t anybody warn me about the strike?  HAVE

You ______________________________about the strike.

16, Let’s go to the cinema.  GOING

What ______________________________the cinema.

17, May I read your newspaper?  MIND

Would _______________________________your newspaper?

18, She is likely to fail her exams.  THAT

It is ________________________________her exams.

19, I’m sure he didn’t send you this letter.  SENT

He ___________________________________ this letter.

20, I’m sure he is seeing Ruth.  BE

He ______________________________________ Ruth.

KEY

1, Needn’t have bought

2, may have rented

3, can’t have been living

4, must not take dogs

5, didn’t have to accept

6, need not dust

7, may have left

8. can’t have been driving

9, must be considering

10, don’t have to cut

11, could go to Canada

12, you like me to get

13, is likely to go

14, had better change

15, should have warned me

16, about going to

17, you mind if I read

18, likely that she will fail

19, can’t have sent you

20, must be seeing

TRANSFORMATION 3

Complete the second sentence so it has a similar meaning to the first sentence, using the word given. Do not change the word given. You must use between two and five words, including the word given.

a) When Peter was young his parents didn’t let him watch much TV. Allow
When Peter was young his parents _________________________watch much TV.

b) John has to do his homework before his can go to the party. Makes
John’s parents _______________________________ his homework before she could go out.

c) My little daughter could never do what she wants. Was
My little daughter ___________________________________ what she wants.

d) Why couldn’t Jasmine finish work before 19:00? Allowed
Why _______________________________________finish work before 19:00?

e) In my opinion parents shouldn’t smack their children. Ought
I don’t think _________________________________ their children.

f) It’s not necessary for Mary to hand in her essay until next Friday. Is
There ______________________________Mary to hand in her essay until next Friday.

g) The teachers think you should tell your parents exactly what happened. Better
The teachers think _________________________________ your parents exactly what happened.

h) Did you know what the homework was? Supposed
Did you know what we __________________________________ for homework?

TRANSFORMATION 4

Use the word given to complete the second sentence so that it means the same as the first sentence. Use between two and five words altogether.

a)Did you buy a bandage, Roy? Asked Graham. He
Graham asked __________________________________________ a bandage.

b)His condition improved so rapidly he went home four days after the operation. Such
There ________________________________________ in his condition he went home four days after the operation.

c)‘I wouldn’t go to that restaurant if I were you,Matt’ I said. Advised
I __________________________________________ to that restaurant.

d)I’m amazed by how much English he knows. Of
His __________________________________________ me.

e)‘Can you swim, Sarah?’asked her teacher: Her
Sarah’s teacher asked __________________________________________ to swim.

f)‘I’ll drive you to the station, dawn, he said. Offered
He __________________________________________ a lift to the station.

g)‘There’ll be very few people at the party,’she told Roger. Not
She told Roger there ______________________________________ people at the party.

h)‘Let’s eat out tomorrow,’said Chris. Suggested
Chris __________________________________________ day.

TRANSFORMATION 5

Use the word given to complete the second sentence so that it means the same as the first sentence. Use between two and five words altogether.

It wasn’t necessary to cut the grass. Need
They ______________________________________ cut the grass.

I couldn’t sleep because the traffic noise was very loud. So
The traffic noise ______________________________________ I couldn’t sleep.

Their chair was so uncomfortable that nobody wanted to sit in it. Such
It was ______________________________________ nobody wanted to sit in it.

It was not a good idea to go home so early. Should
We ______________________________________ home so early.

That was the best I’ve ever seen him play in this team. So
I’ve never seen ______________________________________in this team.

It’s possible that they had the accident on the way home. Might
They ______________________________________ an accident on the way home.

TRANSFORMATION 2

Use the word given to complete the second sentence so that it means the same as the first sentence. Use between two and five words altogether.

a) I’m very excited about going to China next month. Wait

I ___________________________________________ to China next month.

b) I always worry a lot about speaking in front of lots of people. Nervous

I ___________________________________________ speaking in front of lots of people.

c) Somebody phoned me early this morning. Call

I ___________________________________________ early this morning.

d) I’m thinking about how much I will enjoy going to the party. Forward

I ___________________________________________ to the party.

e) The temperature suddenly went down a lot last night. Colder

It ___________________________________________ last night.

f) There has been a big improvement in the bus service since last year. Better

He bus service ___________________________________________ since last year.

TRANSFORMATION 2

COMPLETE THE SECOND SENTENCE SO THAT It HAS A SIMILAR MEANING TO THE FIRST SENTENCE, USING THE WORD GIVEN. DO NOT CHANGE THE WORD GIVEN. YOU MUST USE BETWEEN TWO AND FIVE WORDS, INCLUDING THE WORD GIVEN.

1.Don’t forget your coat as it’ll probably get cold later. LIKELY
Don’t forget your coat as it_____________________________________________later.

2.I think she’s about to end our relationship.POINT
I think she’s __________________________________________________up with me.

3. United will certainly win the league this year.LOSE
United _______________________________________________ the league this year.

4.I’m certain he didn’t use the car because his sister had the keys.USED
He _____________________________________ the car because his sister had the keys.

5. The fact that bus travel is so cheap compensates for the lack of comfort.MAKES
The low cost of travelling ________________________________ the lack of comfort.

6.Their relationship seems very good. GET
It looks as ____________________________________ very well with each other.

7.Have you thought of a name for your dog yet? COME
Have you _______________________________________ a name for your dog yet?

8.Give me a call immediately on arrival. AS
Give me a call _________________________________________________________.
9.This exercise is much easier than the last one. AS
This exercise is ___________________________________________ as the last one.

10.There are more boys than girls in our class.AS
There are _______________________________________ as boys in our class.

11.All the other beds in the room are more comfortable than this one.COMFORTABLE
This is the _____________________________________________ the room.

12.I drink more if I smoke less.THE
The less __________________________________________ I drink.

13.We live nearer to the job than Costas.FROM
Costas ________________________________________ the school than I do.

14.All the students did far better than me in the exam.MUCH
I ___________________________________________ all the students in the exam.

15.Paul earns more than me.AS
I do _________________________________________ James does.

16. I’ve never known anyone as clever as Hilary.PERSON
Hilary is __________________________________________ ever known.

17. Sailing is more expensive than biking.NOT
Sailing is__________________________________________biking.

18. Olivia finds watching TV more boring than reading.NOT
For Olivia, watching TV is __________________________________________ reading.

TRANSFORMATION 1

Use the word given to complete the second sentence so that it means the same as the first sentence. Use between two and five words altogether.

a) I had to brush my teeth because my parents said so. MADE
My parents ____________________________________ my teeth.

b) Paula’s brother is a musician and she goes to lots of concerts. WHOSE
Paula ______________________________ goes to lots of concerts.

c) The bus was very late and it was also full up. WHICH
The bus ________________________________ was also full up.

d) I first met my boyfriend on January 1st. WHEN
January 1st ________________________________ my boyfriend.

e) As a child, i wasn’t allowed to watch that programme. LET
As a child, my parents _____________________________ that programme.

f) I want to go to London one day. WHERE
London is a place _________________________________ one day.

g) Joe’s parents didn’t let him go to the cinema until he had tidied his room. MAKE
Joe’s parents _______________________ his room before he went to the cinema.

h) It wasn’t necessary to cut the grass. NEED
They ____________________________________________ cut the grass.

i) I couldn’t sleep because the traffic noise was very loud. SO
The traffic noise ___________________________________ I couldn’t sleep.

j)The chair was so uncomfortable that nobody wanted to sit in it. SUCH
It was _________________________________ nobody wanted to sit in it.

k) It was not a good idea to go home so early. SHOULD
We _____________________________________ home so early.

l) That was the best I’ve ever seen him play in this team. SO
I’ve never seen _____________________________________ in this team.

m) It’s possible that they had an accident on the way here. MIGHT
They ________________________________________ an accident on the way here.